中药外敷治疗乳腺增生用药规律分析

Analysis on Medication Rules of TCM External Applications for Hyperplasia of Mammary Glands

目的探析中药外敷治疗乳腺增生用药规律。方法检索中国知识资源总库(CNKI)、中文期刊全文数据库(维普网)、中国科技期刊数据库(万方数据)中药外敷治疗乳腺增生的临床研究文献,利用Microsoft Excel2016、SPSS Statistics 21.0、Bicomb2.0和Gephi0.9.2软件对用药频次及类别、性味归经、核心用药、外敷用药时间及联合治疗情况进行统计分析。结果纳入文献47篇,涉及用药136味,使用频次共560次。排名前3位的中药类别依次为活血化瘀药、化痰止咳平喘药、理气药。药物性味以温、平性和辛、苦味为主,主要归肝、脾、心经。外敷用药时间为30 min的处方12首(25.0%),联合治疗以中药汤剂内服为主(37.5%)。聚类分析将39味高频药物分为四大类,复杂网络分析得出核心用药前3位为没药、乳香、香附。结论中药外敷治疗乳腺增生以活血化瘀、消肿散结为主,药物多温平、辛苦,归肝、脾、心经,重在针对实证病机及主要症状,同时重视理气、补虚、清热、化痰等药物的配伍使用。

Objective To study the medication rules of application of TCM external application in the treatment of hyperplasia of mammary glands.Methods The clinical research literature related to TCM external application in the treatment of hyperplasia of mammary glands was searched in CNKI,VIP and Wanfang Data.Microsoft Excel 2016,SPSS Statistics 21.0,Bicomb 2.0,and Gephi 0.9.2 software were used to analyze the frequency and category of medications,property,flavor and meridian,core medications,external application time,and combination therapy.Results A total of 47 articles were included,involving 136 kinds of Chinese materia medica,and the total medication frequency was 560 times.The top three categories of Chinese materia medica were activating blood circulation and reducing stasis medicine,resolving phlegm,relieving cough and asthma medicine,and regulating qi medicine.The medicinal flavors were mainly warm,neutral and pungent,bitter,mainly to the liver,spleen,heart meridians.The external application time was 12 prescriptions of 30 min,accounting for 25.0%of the total.The combination therapy was mainly TCM decoction,accounting for 37.5%of the total.39 high-frequency Chinese materia medica were divided into four categories by cluster analysis.Complex network analysis showed the core medicines of Chinese materia medica,the first three medicines were Myrrha,Olibanum,and Cyperi Rhizoma.Conclusion TCM external application for treating hyperplasia of mammary glands is mainly activating blood circulation and reducing stasis,detumescence and resolving mass.The medicinal flavors are mainly warm,neutral and pungent,bitter,and mainly to the liver,spleen,heart meridians.The treatment focuses on excess syndrome pathogenesis and main symptoms,paying attention to the compatibility of medicine with the efficacy of regulating qi,tonifying deficiency,clearing heat and resolving phlegm.