“乌多莫难题”与非洲命运预言——“对话理论”视野中的《献给乌多莫的花环》

Udomo’s Problem and Africa’s Fate Prediction:A Wreath for Udomo from the Perspective of Dialogue Theory

“对话”是巴赫金用以解释陀思妥耶夫斯基的复调小说而提出的理论。“对话”不仅仅是一种文艺理论,更是巴赫金人文精神的体现。在20世纪的非洲,不同人的冲突、不同种族的冲突与不同发展道路的冲突都十分频繁,非洲人民的解放斗争环境也因此非常复杂。南非著名的英语文学家彼得·亚伯拉罕通过《献给乌多莫的花环》这部“复调小说”表明:唯有不同人的对话、不同文化的对话和不同发展道路的对话,才是非洲摆脱贫苦落后,实现民族独立富强的途径。这部由“对话”构成的小说,表达了对南非与非洲的复杂思索与深切忧思。

“Dialogue”is a theory that Bakhtin put forward to explain Dostoevsky’s Polyphonic novels.It is not only a literary theory,but also an embodiment of Bakhtin’s humanistic spirit.In the 20th century,conflicts in Africa among different people,races and development modes were very frequent,and the environment for the independent struggle of African people was very complex.Peter Abrahams,a famous English writer in South Africa,shows through his polyphonic novel A Wreath for Udomo that dialogue among different people,cultures and development modes is the only way for Africa to get rid of poverty and backwardness and realize national independence and prosperity.In this novel composed of“dialogues”,he expresses his complex thoughts and deep worries about South Africa and the whole Africa.