基于城市复兴政策的社会租赁住房规划——以德国汉堡Dock70住区为例

Social Rental Housing Planning Based on Urban Renewal Policy An Empirical Analysis of Dock 70 in Hamburg,Germany

作为德国第二大城市,汉堡拥有成熟的住房租赁市场保障体系和运营机制,其中社会租赁住房是满足中低收入阶层居民租赁住房需求的重要工具。20世纪90年代,汉堡政府启动以港口新城为核心的城市复兴发展战略,制定长期住房建设规划并出台多项支持政策以推动社会租赁住房发展以解决中心城区衰落、人口不断增加、可负担的租赁住房短缺等问题。本文阐述了汉堡社会租赁住房的发展背景和规划实践,并以港口新城的Dock70住宅项目为例,深入分析了社会租赁住宅项目的建筑设计、运营政策、配套设施,并阐述了对我国大城市租赁住宅发展的启示。

As the second largest city in Germany,Hamburg has a mature housing rental market security system and operation mechanism,among which social rental housing is an important tool to meet the needs of low and middle income residents.In 1990s,the Hamburg local government launched the strategy of urban renewal development around the Hafencity as well as implemented housing construction plan and a number of supporting policies to promote the development of social rental housing,for solving the problems of the downtown area decay,the increasing population and the shortage of affordable rental housing.This paper demonstrates the development background and planning practice of social rental housing in Hamburg.In addition,taking Dock70 residential project of Hafencity as an example,this paper deeply analyzes the architectural design,operation policy and supporting facilities of social rental housing projects,and demonstrates the enlightenment to the development of rental housing in China’mega cities.