Sport burnout inventoryDual career form for student-athletes: Assessing validity and reliability in a Finnish sample of adolescent athletes

Background:The pressure of pursuing an athletic career simultaneously with education may set adolescent student-athletes at risk for sport and school burnout.Although the 2 life domains of student-athletes are strongly intertwined,so far,there has not been an instrument for investigating sport burnout parallel to school burnout.The aim of the present study was to introduce a sport burnout measure for adolescents in a dual career context and investigate its validity and reliability by using confirmatory factor analysis.Methods:The participants were 391 student-athletes(51%females)who filled in a questionnaire of sport burnout and background variables in the beginning of upper secondary school.Results:A 3-factor model or a second-order-factor model described the data better and gave better reliability indices than a 1-factor model.The 3 dimensions of sport burnout were shown to be separate,but closely related constructs.Evidence for convergent and discriminant validity was obtained by correlating the 3 sport burnout dimensions with depressive symptoms,self-esteem,and sport task values.Conclusion:The results suggest that Sport Burnout InventoryDual Career Form(SpBI-DC)is a valid and reliable instrument for investigating sport burnout among adolescent student-athletes.