深慢呼吸缩唇呼气联合人工阻力呼吸训练在老年肺尘埃沉着病患者中的应用效果

Application effect of deep-slow abdominal respiratory and lip girdle expiration combined with artificial respiration training in elderly pneumoconiosis patients

目的探讨深慢呼吸缩唇呼气联合人工阻力呼吸训练在老年肺尘埃沉着病患者中的应用效果。方法遵照回顾性分析法,选择我科2010年6月~2019年7月纳入的80例老年肺尘埃沉着病患者,其中接受深慢呼吸缩唇呼气训练的40例患者作为对照组,接受深慢呼吸缩唇呼气加人工阻力呼吸训练的40例患者作为观察组,干预前后测定两组的用力肺活量(FVC)、第一秒用力呼气容积(FEV_1)、用力呼气量占用力肺活量比值(FEV_1/FVC)、每分钟最大通气量(MVV)及残气量/肺总量(RV/TLC)水平,同时进行临床症状积分、生活质量评分(QOL)调查,对比两组干预结果。结果两组干预前的FVC、FEV_1、FEV_1/FVC、MVV及RV/TLC水平比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组干预后的FVC、FEV_1、FEV_1/FVC、MVV水平高于干预前,但RV/TLC水平低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组干预后的FVC、FEV_1、FEV_1/FVC、MVV水平高于对照组,但RV/TLC水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组干预前的临床症状评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组干预后的临床症状评分低于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组干预后的临床症状评分低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组干预前的QOL评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);两组干预后的QOL评分高于干预前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组干预后的QOL评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论深慢呼吸缩唇呼气加人工阻力呼吸训练运用于老年肺尘埃沉着病患者效果显著,可有效改善肺功能,快速减轻相关症状,提升日常生活能力。

Objective To explore the application effect of deep-slow abdominal respiratory and lip girdle expiration combined with artificial respiration training in elderly pneumoconiosis patients.Methods A total of 80 elderly pneumoconiosis patients treated from June 2010 to July 2019 in our department were reviewed.40 cases of taking deep-slow abdominal respiratory and lip girdle expiration were set as control group;40 cases of taking deep-slow abdominal respiratory,lip girdle expiration and artificial respiration training were set as observation group.The forced vital capacity(FVC),forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1),ratio of FEV1 to forced vital capacity(FEV1/FVC),maximal ventilatory volume(MVV)and ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity(RV/TLC),clinical symptom scores and quality of life(QOL)scores were compared.Results Before intervention,the values of FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC,MVV and RV/TLC between groups were not significantly different(P>0.05);after intervention,the values of FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC and MVV of two groups were higher than those before intervention;RV/TLC value was lower than that before intervention,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);after intervention,the values of FVC,FEV1,FEV1/FVC and MVV in the observation group were higher than those of control group,RV/TLC value was lower than that of control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,the symptom scores between groups were not significantly different(P>0.05);after intervention,related scores in the observation group were lower than those of control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Before intervention,QOL scores between groups were not significantly different(P>0.05);after intervention,QOL scores of two groups were higher than those before intervention,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);after intervention,QOL scores in the observation group were higher than those of control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The deep-slow abdominal respiratory and lip girdle expiration combined with artificial respiration training has obvious effect in elderly pneumoconiosis patients,which can relieve the clinical symptoms,and improve the pulmonary function and daily life.