从爱国主义情感到建筑设计语汇——人类学视野下的近代战争“记忆景观”建构研究

From Patriotism to Architectural Vocabularies:An Anthropological Perspective on the Construction of Modern War Memoryscapes

本文从建筑的人类学视野出发,以战争景观"设计者"的视角切入,研究不同民族文化背景下,中外建筑师群体对近代战争纪念这种特殊场所的设计方法,对战争"记忆景观"的选择,以及对建筑语言的使用。在此基础上,聚焦战争景观的中国"受众",通过问卷调查的方法,关注我国社会对中国近代战争的真实感受和集体记忆,分析中国社会大众对战争记忆的情感态度、对战争记忆景观的情感偏好与需求,探知建筑师的表达方式与大众感知反馈之间的差距,捕捉人与场景的联系。本文旨在为爱国主义情感下的我国近代战争"记忆景观"建构提供一种研究思路。

This research adopts an anthropological perspective to study the memoryscapes of Chinese modern wars as an architectural topic.The first part of this article focuses on war memorial designers with diverse national and cultural backgrounds,and explores their approaches to architectural design for modern war commemoration,their selection of"war memoryscapes",and their adoption of particular architectural vocabularies.The second part of this article investigates the feelings and collective memories of Chinese society regarding the modern wars in China,and the relationship between architectural expressions and public perceptions.This study thus provides a discussion on the phenomenon of patriotism-driven construction of Chinese modern war memoryscapes.