基于生物材料支架的局部给药系统在癌症免疫治疗中的应用

Biomaterial scaffold-based local drug delivery systems for cancer immunotherapy

免疫治疗因其在治疗广谱肿瘤的显著临床治疗效果而备受关注.然而,不能控制治疗药物在肿瘤部位局部滞留和维持有效药物浓度是癌症免疫治疗的一大挑战.基于生物材料支架的局部给药系统有望解决这一挑战,其能轻易和集中地递送免疫治疗剂到肿瘤原位,从而降低系统给药带来的全身毒性.本文总结了基于生物材料支架的局部给药系统的研究进展,递送的免疫治疗剂包括疫苗、免疫调节剂和免疫细胞等;介绍了生物材料支架类局部药物共递送系统在抗肿瘤免疫联合治疗中的应用,包括化疗免疫治疗、光热免疫治疗等;最后,讨论了生物支架类局部给药系统所面临的挑战以及发展前景.

Immunotherapy has attracted tremendous attention due to the remarkable clinical successes for treating a broad spectrum of tumors. One challenge for cancer immunotherapy is the inability to control localization and sustain concentrations of therapeutics at tumor sites. Local drug delivery systems(LDDSs) like the biomaterial scaffold-based drug delivery systems have emerged as a promising approach for delivering immunotherapeutic agents facilely and intensively in situ with reduced systemic toxicity. In this review, recent advances in biomaterial scaffold-based LDDSs for the administration of immunotherapeutic agents including vaccines, immunomodulators, and immune cells are summarized. Moreover, codelivery systems are also evaluated for local immunotherapy-involving combination anti-tumor therapy,including chemotherapy-immunotherapy, photothermal-immunotherapy, and other combination therapies. Finally, the current challenges and future perspectives on the development of next-generation LDDSs for cancer immunotherapy are discussed.