企业所得税税负粘性的成因及其对地方产业结构升级的影响

The Causes of the Stickiness of Corporate Income Tax Burden and Its Influence on the Upgrading of Local Industrial Structure

本文首先利用成本费用粘性模型和2007至2018年上市公司的税收、财务面板数据发现企业所得税税负粘性普遍存在。其后我们先后从微观企业层面的税收激进度、企业股权性质和宏观政府层面的地方财政收入分权、征税努力等四个方面来探究企业税负存在粘性的原因。实证发现:企业自身激进的涉税行为能有效降低其税负,而国有企业和其他所有制企业并无税负粘性上的显著区别。同时,地方政府财政收入分权程度越低或是征税努力度越高,当地企业的所得税税负便越"粘"。最后我们发现企业税负粘性将显著负作用于产业结构优化,进而为税制的供给侧改革提供了一定的政策启示。

This paper first uses the model of cost stickiness and the tax and financial panel data of listed companies from 2007 to 2018 to find out that the stickiness of corporate income tax burden exists in all kinds of listed companies.Accordingly,four indicators,namely,tax aggressiveness,the nature of corporate equity at the micro-enterprise level,fiscal revenue decentralization and local tax efforts at the macro-government level,are analyzed,to explain this reasons.The empirical results show that the enterprise’s own aggressive tax-related behaviors can effectively reduce its tax burden,and there is no difference between state-owned enterprises and other ownership enterprises on the issue of the stickiness of tax burden,The higher the local government’s tax-collection efforts,and the lower the fiscal revenue decentralization,the more sticky the enterprise’s income tax burden will be.In the end,we found out that the stickiness of corporate tax burden will significantly negatively affect the optimization of industrial structure,thus providing some policy enlightenment for the supply side reform of the tax system.