空间增阻薄膜结构研究进展及关键技术

Advancement and Key Technologies of Deployable Membrane Structure for Space Debris Removal

概述空间碎片的严峻形势和碎片减缓领域未来趋势,梳理国内外小卫星星座计划,介绍卫星离轨规范问题最新进展;提出空间增阻薄膜结构技术因成本低、技术成熟度高,对不同规格低轨道类航天器具有很好适用性,最易于推广应用于空间碎片减缓;对空间增阻薄膜结构技术国内外发展现状进行梳理,并提出空间增阻薄膜结构主要关键技术,对增阻薄膜结构构型设计技术、长寿命材料技术、折叠展开技术和低成本设计技术等进行分析。分析表明,未来星座计划迅速发展将进一步加剧空间碎片严峻形势;现有的碎片减缓规则不能满足要求,新的规则将很快推出,对增阻离轨薄膜结构技术提出了迫切需求;目前空间增阻薄膜结构的主要关键技术都取得了突破,并已完成搭载验证,具备用于卫星离轨的条件。

The status of space debris and removal technology were introduced at first. The development of small satellite constellation and study on de-orbit specification of satellite were summarized. The advancement of the space debris removal membrane structure was proposed due to its unique properties such as low cost, high degree of technological maturity and good applicability for all kinds of LEO satellites. Key technologies associated with the membrane structure were presented, such as structure configuration design technology, long life membrane technology, fold and deploy technology, low cost design technology, and the approaches to solve these key problems were introduced. The analysis showed that the status of space debris will be even more threatening due to the rapid development of small satellite constellation, new de-orbit specification of satellite will be promulgated soon, the application of space debris removal membrane structure was urgently demanded. The main technologies associated with the membrane structure had been studied and tested in space flight, the technique will be widely applied in the future.