非物质文化遗产的商品化:基于国外研究的理论思考

Commodification of Intangible Cultural Heritage:Theoretical Reflection based on International Studies

非物质文化遗产(非遗)的商品化是文化遗产保护与利用中最为显著的问题之一,但是国内外对此的研究都稍显薄弱,尤其国内学者对于非遗的价值、真实性、商品化的研究尚缺乏与国际学界的对话。基于国外前沿的遗产思辨研究视角,本文提出了一种"过程式"的视角,把非遗商品化过程和非遗的价值构建过程进行整合,以云南丽江的非遗为例,揭示了非遗商品化过程中的动态价值构建过程和多元价值构建过程。研究突破了国内既有传统理论视角的局限,通过建立创新的非遗思辨视角来审视非遗商品化中出现的遗产价值、文化变化、真实性等理论问题。

Commodification of intangible cultural heritage(ICH) is one of the key issues in relation to the protection and use of cultural heritage,however,it is under-researched at home and abroad.In particular,Chinese scholars haven’t engaged with the international academic discussion in regard to the values,authenticity and commodification of ICH.Based on current international Critical Heritage Studies approach,this paper proposed a "processual" perspective to integrate the commodification and value making processes of ICH so as to reveal the dynamic and multiple value making processes manifested in the ICH cases in Lijiang,Yunnan,China.This research broke the restrictions of existing conventional Chinese theoreies and proposed an innovative critical ICH perspective to examine the issues of values,cultural change and authenticity occurred in commodification of ICH.