洋麻纤维-棉纤维混纺织物/环氧树脂复合材料力学及吸湿性能

Moisture absorption and mechanical properties of kenaf fiber-cotton fiber blended fabric/epoxy composite

采用碱氧一浴法对洋麻纤维(KF)进行精细化处理,并制备了不同混纺质量比的精细化处理KF-棉纤维(KF-CF)混纺织物及KF-CF/环氧树脂(EP)复合材料。通过纤维强度、细度测试和FTIR、TG、SEM研究了精细化处理对KF性能的影响,通过对KF-CF/EP复合材料力学性能分析得到最佳混纺质量比,探究了最佳混纺质量比KF-CF/EP复合材料在湿热及化学环境下的吸湿性能。结果表明:精细化处理后的KF直径降低了30.66%,拉伸模量提高了31.24%,柔软度提高了13.20%,热稳定性得到提高;当KF与CF混纺质量比为40∶60时,KF-CF/EP复合材料力学性能最优,拉伸强度为101.90 MPa,弯曲强度为189.64 MPa;在湿热环境下,时间越长,温度越高,KF-CF/EP复合材料的吸水率越高,碱性环境会导致KF-CF/EP复合材料吸水率提高。

The kenaf fiber(KF)was modified with the alkali peroxide in the aqueous solution.The refined KF-cotton fiber(KF-CF)blended fabrics with different blending mass ratios and KF-CF/epoxy(EP)composites were prepared.The single fiber tester,microscope,FTIR,TG and SEM were used to study the effect of fine treatment on the properties of KF.The best blending mass ratio was obtained by analyzing the mechanical properties of KF-CF/EP composites.The hygroscopicity of KF-CF/EP composites under hydrothermal and chemical conditions was investigated at the optimum blending ratio.The results show that the diameter of KF decreases by 30.66%,the Young’s modulus increases by 31.24%,the softness increases by 13.20%,and the thermal stability improves after refinement treatment.The KF-CF/EP composite with mass ratio of 40∶60 has the best mechanical properties with tensile strength of 101.90 MPa and flexural strength of 189.64 MPa.In the humid and hot environment,the longer the time and the higher the temperature,the higher the water absorption rate of the KF-CF/EP composite,and the alkaline environment leads the water absorption rate of the KF-CF/EP composite to increase.