大气颗粒物污染与呼吸系统疾病就诊量的关系研究

Association between ambient particulate pollution and daily hospital visits for respiratory diseases

目的探讨北京市大气颗粒物短期暴露对人群呼吸系统疾病就诊量的影响。方法收集北京市2013年10月至2015年12月逐日大气污染物资料、气象资料以及某三级综合性医院的呼吸系统疾病就诊资料,采用时间序列数据的Poisson回归模型,分析大气颗粒物日均浓度与呼吸系统疾病每日就诊量之间的关系。结果调整了气象因素、长期趋势、季节趋势、星期几效应、假日效应等因素的影响后,大气PM10浓度每上升10μg/m3,人群呼吸系统疾病急诊量的相对危险度(RR)为1.0027(95%CI:1.0008~1.0046);且女性的RR值略高于男性,分别为1.0028(95%CI:1.0004~1.0051)与1.0026(95%CI:1.0004~1.0049)。结论北京市大气PM10浓度的短期升高可能会导致医院每日呼吸系统疾病急诊量数的增加。

Objective To explore the short-term effects of ambient particulate pollution on daily counts of medical consultations for respiratory diseases in Beijing.Methods The daily air pollution concentration,meteorological data and counts of outpatient visits and emergency room visits for respiratory diseases were collected from a tertiary general hospital during the period from October 2013 to December 2015 in Beijing.Poisson regression model was used to analyze the associations between daily concentration of particulate matter and daily counts of medical consultations for respiratory diseases.Results After adjusting for the meteorological variables,time and season trend,day of week and holiday,an increase of 10μg/m3 PM10 was associated with increased daily emergency room visits for respiratory diseases,the values of relative risk(RR)were 1.0027(95%CI:1.0008-1.0046)for whole population,1.0028(95%CI:1.0004-1.0051)for female and 1.0026(95%CI:1.0004-1.0049)for male respectively,and the RR for female was slightly higher than that for male.Conclusion An increase of ambient PM10 level may lead to the increase in daily emergency room visits due to respiratory diseases.