青海地区汉族、回族、藏族骨质疏松流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological investigation of the bone mineral density in Han, Hui and Tibetan in Qinghai region

目的分析青海地区汉族、回族、藏族正常人群的峰值骨量和骨密度差异,为青海地区科学预防及治疗骨质疏松症提供参考和依据。方法选取青海地区汉族、回族、藏族年龄在20~40岁及50~70岁人群,使用双能X线骨密度仪测量研究对象腰椎骨密度,按民族、性别和5岁一个年龄段分组,进行统计学分析。结果青海地区汉族男性、女性峰值骨密度的年龄段均在20~24岁,回族男性、女性峰值骨密度的年龄段均在25~29岁,藏族男性、女性峰值骨密度的年龄段均在35~39岁。汉族、回族、藏族男性峰值骨密度分别为:(0.667±0.090)g/cm^ 2、(0.711±0.037)g/cm ^2、(0.826±0.092)g/cm^ 2;女性峰值骨密度分别为:(0.568±0.091)g/cm ^2、(0.571±0.037)g/cm ^2、(0.676±0.095)g/cm^ 2,且各年龄段的骨密度均有显著差异。结论本次调查汉族、回族、藏族男性和女性出现骨密度峰值的年龄段及峰值骨密度均有所不同,总体上藏族最高,回族次之,汉族最低,但均在40岁前达到骨密度峰值,提示可能与生活饮食习惯、遗传特性有关。

Objective To analyze the difference of peak bone mass and bone mineral density in Han nationality,Hui nationality and Tibetan,and to provide reference and basis for scientific prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in Qinghai.Methods Han nationality,Hui nationality and Tibetan groups aged 20-40 years and 50-70 years old in Qinghai were selected.The bone mineral density of the lumbar vertebrae was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.The groups were divided according to ethnicity,gender and every 5-year of age,and were analyzed statistically.Results The ages of peak bone mineral density of males and females were 20-24 years old in Han nationality,were 25-29 years old in Hui nationality,and were 35-39 years old in Tibetan.The peak bone mineral density of males of Han,Hui and Tibetan ethnic groups were(0.667±0.090)g/cm ^2,(0.711±0.037)g/cm ^2,(0.826±0.092)g/cm^ 2,and the peak bone mineral density of females were(0.568±0.091)g/cm^ 2,(0.571±0.037)g/cm ^2,(0.676±0.095)g/cm ^2,and the bone mineral density was significantly different among each age groups.Conclusion This investigation indicates that Han nationality,Hui nationality,Tibetan males and females have different peak ages and peak bone mineral density.In general,Tibetans have the highest peak bone mineral density,Hui people are the second,and Han nationality are the lowest,but all reach the peak of bone before 40 years old.It is related to dietary habits,genetic traits,and ethnic differences.