2015-2019年中国性病监测点生殖道沙眼衣原体感染流行病学特征

Epidemiologic features of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection at national sexually transmitted disease surveillance sites in China,2015-2019

目的了解近年中国生殖道沙眼衣原体感染流行趋势和特征,为制定防治对策提供依据。方法应用描述性流行病学方法对2015—2019年我国105个性病监测点报告的生殖道沙眼衣原体感染病例数据进行"三间分布"分析。结果生殖道沙眼衣原体感染报告发病率由2015年37.18/10万增长到2019年55.32/10万,年均增长10.44%。不同地区监测点报告发病率介于0~1309.38/10万,高发地区主要分布于浙江、广东、广西和海南等省份。男女两性报告发病率均增长,各年男性发病率均低于女性,男女报告发病率之比由2015年0.43(22.57/10万比52.74/10万)降低至2019年0.32(27.35/10万比84.55/10万)。15岁以上各年龄组均出现增长,以20~24岁增幅最大(25.81%),其次为15~19岁(22.55%);高发年龄段为20~34岁性活跃人群,2019年报告发病率达184.70/10万。各职业人群均有病例报告,以待业人群最多(32.86%~38.50%),其次为商业服务(25.29%~27.84%)。报告病例来源以综合医院最多(68.30%~74.59%),其次为妇科医院和妇幼保健院。结论2015—2019年中国生殖道沙眼衣原体感染报告发病呈增长趋势,发病率较高,高发地区为东南沿海省份,受累人群广泛,女性发病率高于男性,年轻人群呈快速增长,高发年龄有年轻化倾向。

Objective To investigate epidemiological trend and characteristics of genital Chlamydia trachomatis(Ct)infection in China in recent years,and to provide evidence for making Ct infection prevention and control strategies.Methods A descriptive epidemiological study was conducted to analyze personal,spatial and temporal distribution of genital Ct infection cases reported from 105 national sexually transmitted disease(STD)surveillance sites in China from 2015 to 2019.Results The reported incidence rate of genital Ct infection increased from 37.18 per 100000 in 2015 to 55.32 per 100000 in 2019,with the average annual rate of increase being 10.44%.The reported incidence rates at national STD surveillance sites ranged from 0 to 1309.38 per 100000,which were relatively high in Zhejiang,Guangdong,Guangxi and Hainan provinces.Increasing trends in the reported incidence rate were observed among both females and males.From 2015 to 2019,the reported annual incidence rate in males was lower than that in females,and the male-to-female reported incidence rate ratio decreased from 0.43(22.57 per 100000 vs.52.74 per 100000)in 2015 to 0.32(27.35 per 100000 vs.84.55 per 100000)in 2019.The reported incidence rates increased yearly in the groups aged more than 15 years,and the average annual rate of increase was highest in the group aged 20-24 years(25.81%),followed by the group aged 15-19 years(22.55%);the sexually active population aged 20-34 years showed the highest reported incidence rate among all the age groups,and the reported incidence rate was up to 184.70 per 100000 in this age group in 2019.Genital Ct infection cases were reported among all occupation groups,and the largest proportion of cases was found in unemployed population(32.86%-38.50%),followed by commercial service population(25.29%-27.84%).General hospitals reported the largest number of genital Ct infection cases(68.30%-74.59%),followed by maternal and child health hospitals.Conclusions The reported incidence rate of genital Ct infection was high with an increasing trend in China from 2015 to 2019,and the southeastern coastal provinces of China showed a relatively high repoted incidence rate.Genital Ct infection affected a wide range of people in different occupations.The reported incidence rate in females was higher than that in males,and the population with a high incidence tended to be younger.