顶板疏水快速回采工作面冲击地压机理及防治措施

Mechanism and Prevention Measures of Rock Burst in Rapid Mining Face of Roof Drainage Area

以某矿顶板疏水区下快速回采工作面冲击地压显现为工程背景,采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场监测等方法,研究不同回采速度下过顶板疏水区域时的超前支承压力分布规律,揭示顶板疏水快速回采工作面冲击地压发生机理:顶板富水区疏水后形成增压区与卸压区,当工作面快速回采经过疏水形成的增压区时,应力叠加易超过发生冲击地压的临界值,诱发回采工作面发生冲击。在此基础上提出了疏水增压区针对性的卸压措施以及疏水区域前后回采速度阶段调整的防冲方法。

Taking the rock burst occurred in the rapid mining face under roof drainage area of a mine as the engineering background,the methods of the theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and field monitoring are used to study the distribution law of lead abutment pressure during passing through the drainage area of the roof at different mining speeds,and the occurrence mechanism of rock bursts in the rapid mining face of roof drainage area is also discovered.The pressure increase area and pressure relief area are formed after drainage in the roof rich-water area.When the working face is rapidly mined through the pressure increase area formed by drainage,the stress superposition easily exceeds the critical value of rock burst occurrence,thus induces the rock burst.On this basis,the targeted pressure relief measures for the drainage-caused pressure increase area and the rock burst prevention method for stage adjustment of mining speed in the drainage area are proposed.