树莓叶片营养诊断标准的研究

Mineral Nutrition Diagnosis of Raspberry Leaves

以夏果型和秋果型2种不同结果类型树莓为试材,通过从黑龙江省不同地区21个种植园采集叶片,确定了2种不同类型树莓叶营养分析诊断的采样方法,建立了树莓叶营养诊断标准,以期为黑龙江省树莓生产施肥管理提供参考依据。结果表明:夏果型树莓的适宜采样部位为根蘖苗上的叶片,秋果型树莓的采样部位为一年生枝条结果枝叶片;对于大量元素氮、磷、钾宜采集枝条7~12节位的成龄叶,对于中量元素钙、镁和微量元素铁、铜、锌、锰宜采集枝条顶端幼叶;夏果型品种叶片采样时间为果实采收期,为8月上中旬,而秋果型品种叶片采样时间为新梢生长期,为6月上中旬。确定了黑龙江省树莓叶营养诊断标准,氮适宜值为19.1~22.6 g·kg^-1,磷为5.5~6.3 g·kg^-1,钾为9.3~13.4 g·kg^-1,钙为3.27~4.12 g·kg^-1,镁为0.69~0.74 g·kg^-1,铁为0.14~0.32 g·kg^-1,铜为10.54~12.39 mg·kg^-1,锰为145.04~242.50 mg·kg^-1,锌为68.40~74.70 mg·kg^-1。

Two different fruit-bearing raspberry cultivars,summer-bearing cultivar and fall-bearing cultivar,were collected from 21 plantations in different areas of Heilongjiang Province in order to determine the method of sampling for leaf nutrition analysis and illustrate a practical guide for leaf nutrient diagnostic,so as to provide guidance for the management of raspberry production and fertilization in Heilongjiang Province.The results showed that,the sampling sites of summer-bearing raspberry were the leaves on the root suckers,and the leaves of fall-bearing raspberry were the oneyear fruit-bearing branches.Macroelement,N,P,K were collected from the mature leaves at 7-12 nodes of the branch.Secondary nutrients,Ca,Mg and microelements,Fe,Cu,Zn,Mn were collected from the young leaves at the top of branches.The sampling time of summer-bearing type was the fruit harvest period,in early and mid August,and the sampling time of fall-bearing type was the new shoot growth period,in early and mid June.The guide for raspberry leaf nutrient diagnostic in Heilongjiang Province was as following,appropriate content of N ranges from 19.1-22.6 g·kg^-1,appropriate content of P ranges from 5.5-6.3 g·kg^-1,appropriate content of Fe ranges from 9.3-13.4 g·kg^-1,appropriate content of Ca ranges from 3.27-4.12 g·kg^-1,appropriate content of Mg ranges from 0.69-0.74 g·kg^-1,appropriate content of Fe ranges from 0.14-0.32 g·kg^-1,appropriate content of Cu ranges from 10.54-12.39 mg·kg^-1,appropriate content of Mn ranges from 145.04-242.58 mg·kg^-1 and Zn ranges from 68.40-74.60 mg·kg^-1.