植物精油对山麻鸭产蛋性能、蛋品质和消化酶活性的影响

Effect of essential oils on performance, egg quality and digestive enzyme activity of Shan partridge duck

为了探讨饲粮中添加植物精油对山麻鸭生产性能、蛋品质、血钙和消化酶活的影响。试验选取200只体重相近、健康的40周龄山麻鸭。采用单因子试验设计,按完全随机区组法分为4个处理,每个处理5个重复,每个重复10只山麻鸭。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组在基础饲粮基础上分别添加50、150和200 mg/kg植物精油(百里香酚和肉桂醛)。试验期30 d。结果表明:饲粮添加植物精油对山麻鸭产蛋数、平均蛋重、产蛋率、日采食量、料蛋比和存活率无显著影响(P>0.05);与对照组相比,饲粮添加植物精油显著提高山麻鸭蛋壳厚度(P<0.05)。饲粮添加植物精油对蛋壳强度、蛋白高度、蛋形指数和哈夫单位无显著影响(P>0.05)。饲粮添加150 mg/kg和200 mg/kg植物精油能显著提高山麻鸭血清钙含量(P<0.05);与对照组相比,饲粮添加植物精油显著提高山麻鸭胰腺胰蛋白酶活性(P<0.05),饲粮添加150 mg/kg和200 mg/kg植物精油显著提高山麻鸭空肠糜蛋白酶活性(P<0.05)。综上所述,山麻鸭饲粮添加植物精油可改善蛋壳重量、提高血钙含量、改善山麻鸭消化道酶活性。综合蛋品质和消化道酶活性等因素,适宜添加量为150 mg/kg。

The study was to investigate the effect of essential oils on performance,egg quality,blood calcium and digestive enzyme activity of Shan partridge duck.A total of 200 forty-week-old healthy ducks with similar body weight were selected.The single factor experiment was designed and divided into four treatments with five replicates per group and ten Shan partridge ducks per replicate according to the completely random block method.The control group was fed with basic diet,while the experimental groups were fed the basic diets supplemented with 50,150,200 mg/kg essential oils(thymol and cinnamaldehyde),respectively.The trial period was 30 d.The results showed that dietary supplementation with essential oil had no significant effect on egg production,average egg weight,egg production rate,feed egg ratio,and survival rate.Compared with the control group,dietary addition of essential oil significantly increased the eggshell thickness of Shan partridge duck(P<0.05).The eggshell strength,albumen height,shape index and Haugh unit were not significantly affected by dietary addition of essential oil(P>0.05).Dietary supplementation with 150 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg essential oils can significantly increase the serum calcium content of Shan partridge duck(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,dietary supplementation with essential oil significantly increased the trypsin activity of the pancreas(P<0.05),the diets supplementation with 150 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg essential oil significantly increased the chymotrypsin activity of jejunum(P<0.05).In conclusion,dietary supplementation with essential oil of Shan partridge duck can improve the eggshell weight,increase the blood calcium content,and improve the digestive enzyme activity of Shan partridge duck.Considering the egg quality,digestive tract enzyme activity and plant essential oil cost,the appropriate dosage was 150 mg/kg.