饲料添加酵母培养物对斑点叉尾鮰幼鱼生长性能、营养物质消化率、免疫性能和肠道菌群的影响

Effect of yeast culture on growth performance, nutrient digestibility,immunity and intestinal flora of juvenile channel catfish

试验旨在探究饲料中添加酵母培养物对斑点叉尾鮰幼鱼生长性能、免疫性能和肠道菌群的影响。选取240尾体重为(12.52±0.42)g的健康幼鱼,驯养2周后,随机分成4组,每组3个重复,每个重复20尾鱼。4组试验鱼分别饲喂饲料中添加0%、0.5%、1.0%、2.0%的酵母培养物试验饲料,连续投喂8周后测定斑点叉尾鮰的生长性能、体成分、表观消化率、血清免疫指标和肠道菌群。结果显示:与对照组A0相比,A1、A2、A3组可显著提高斑点叉尾鮰幼鱼的增重率(P<0.05);A1、A2、A3组体蛋白成分显著高于对照组(P<0.05),其他体成分无显著性差异(P>0.05);A1、A2、A3组的干物质、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪的表观消化率均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);A1、A2、A3组能显著提高血清中SOD、CAT和LYZ的活性(P<0.05),显著降低MDA的含量(P<0.05);酵母培养物试验组可显著提高肠道内双歧杆菌和乳酸杆菌的丰度,降低致病菌大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌的丰度(P<0.05)。结果表明,饲料中添加酵母培养物能够提高斑点叉尾鮰幼鱼的生长性能,提高体蛋白质蓄积和饲料养分的表观消化率,维持肠道菌群健康,以及增强斑点叉尾鮰抗氧化能力和免疫能力。

The study was to investigate the effect of yeast culture on growth performance,immune performance and intestinal flora of juvenile Ictalurus punctatus.240 healthy juveniles with a body weight of(12.52±0.42)g were randomly divided into four groups after two weeks of domestication,with three repetitions in each group and 20 fish in each repetitions.The growth performance,body composition,apparent digestibility,serum immune index and intestinal flora of channel catfish were measured after eight weeks of continuous feeding.The results showed that compared with the control group A0,group A1,A2,A3 could significantly improve the weight gain rate of channel catfish(P<0.05).Group A1,A2,A3 had significantly higher body protein composition than the control group(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference in other body components(P>0.05).Group A1,A2,A3 had significantly higher apparent digestibility of dry matter,crude protein and crude fat than the control group(P<0.05).The activity of SOD,CAT and LYZ in serum of the A1,A2 and A3 groups were significantly increased(P<0.05),and the content of MDA was significantly reduced(P<0.05).The abundance of bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus in intestinal tract,Escherichia coli and Salmonella in pathogenic bacteria were significantly increased in yeast culture group(P<0.05).In conclusion,yeast culture can improve the growth performance of juvenile Ictalurus punctatus,increase the accumulation of body protein and apparent digestibility of feed nutrients,maintain the health of intestinal flora,and enhance the antioxidant and immune capacity of channel catfish.