家族角色日常互动对家长式领导发展的溢出机制研究——基于家族企业高管团队日志追踪的经验证据

The Spillover Effect of Daily Family Role Interaction on Paternalistic Leadership: Empirical Evidence Based on Daily Dairy Survey of Executive-follower dyads in Family Business

领导力发展是近些年国内外领导力研究和实践的中心话题。虽然家长式领导已成为四十多年来中国本土领导力研究的焦点,但学界对家长式领导的前因及其形成机制还缺乏系统研究。通过对本土家族企业高管及其直接下属连续10个工作日且每日追踪2次的日志调研,本研究结合家族主义的研究文献,从社会认知传递理论的视角系统探讨了家族角色日常互动对家长式领导发展的溢出机制。多层次被调节的间接作用模型结果显示,家族角色日常互动与领导长辈心态显著正相关;长辈心态与家长式领导显著正相关;长辈心态在家族角色日常互动与家长式领导间起间接作用;领导关系自我显著地正向调节了家族角色日常互动通过长辈心态对家长式领导的间接影响。本研究不仅为本土企业中家长式领导的普遍存在提供独特的理论解释,也为未来中国本土企业如何发展或强化家长式领导提供实践指引。

Although paternalistic leadership has been the focus of leadership research in China for more than 4 decades,there has been relatively little work on its antecedents and underlying mechanisms.We integrate the literature on familism and social cognitive transference theory to develop a model of the process linking daily family role interaction to paternalistic leadership.We tested this model with data from a daily dairy survey in Chinese family business conducted over 10 consecutive workdays and twice per day.The multi-level moderated mediation model revealed that:(1)daily family role interaction was positively related to leader’s elder mentality,which was further associated with increased paternalistic leadership;(2)daily family role interaction had an indirect effect on paternalistic leadership via leader’s elder mentality;(3)leader’s relational self strengthened the indirect relationship between daily family role interaction and paternalistic leadership via leader’s elder mentality.This study contributes to the current research in three aspects.First,our study contributes to the research on antecedents of paternalistic leadership by identifying its antecedent,underlying mechanism and boundary condition,and thus provides a more complete theoretical picture for paternalistic leadership theory.Second,our study examines the daily dynamics of paternalistic leadership by adopting a within-person approach,which extends the research level of paternalistic leadership theory.Third,this study applies social cognition transference theory to the study of paternalistic leadership,which not only adds value to enriching the literature on social cognition transference theory,but also provides a new theoretical lens for within-person research.