欧阳修、曾巩滁州“三亭三记”一体论

A Wholistic Study of Ouyang Xiu and Zeng Gong from the Perspective of Three Pavilions and Three Essays of Chuzhou

欧阳修知滁期间建三亭:醉翁亭、丰乐亭和醒心亭,留三记:自作《醉翁亭记》和《丰乐亭记》,嘱曾巩作《醒心亭记》。欧阳修自号“醉翁”,戏笔抒怀,自乐其乐;恪守知州之责,正论言志,与民同乐;借曾巩之笔以自醒自警,并彰显儒学宗师的自信自励。合而观之,“三亭三记”遵循“建亭—作文”的相同模式,建构了欧阳修醉翁、太守、儒学宗师“三位一体”的人格形象,反映了欧阳修贬滁期间思想的变化和深化,是其践行儒家“与民同乐”政治教化的文化文学表达。

Ouyang Xiu built three pavilions when serving as magistrate of Chuzhou,namely the Zuiweng Pavilion,the Fengle Pavilion and the Xingxin Pavilion,and left three essays entitled after the pavilions,of which he himself wrote two,Zuiwengting Ji and Fengleting Ji,and asked Zeng Gong to write another one,Xingxinting Ji.Similar to what a Zuiweng(Old Dunkard,his literary name)does,Ouyang wrote freely to express himself,felt content with his lot,and fulfilled his duties of offering advice and suggestions and seeking happiness for people.He once took the writings of Zeng to examine himself,which is a demonstration of the self-encouragement of him as a Confucian master.Taken together,the three pavilions and three corresponding essays follow the same pattern of“building pavilion and writing essay”,and construct his“trinity”image of Zuiweng,magistrate and Confucian master,which is a reflection of the change and deepening of his thoughts after he was banished to Chuzhou and is the cultural and literary expression of his political civilization of Confucian benevolence.