石棉地区藏族、彝族和汉族人群肠道微生物菌群构成与分布

Composition and distribution of intestinal microflora of Tibetan, Yi and Han nationality in Shimian

目的探讨石棉地区藏族、彝族和汉族人群肠道微生物菌群构成分布情况。方法将2017年7月至2019年7月在我院进行健康体检的并符合纳入和排除标准的125例健康人作为研究对象,其中汉族65例,彝族32例,藏族28例。收集受试健康人群清晨空腹粪便标本,利用高通量测序技术测定石棉地区藏族、彝族和汉族人群粪便样本16S rRNA序列并建立分类操作单元(OTU),分析肠道微生物结构特征及优势菌群,并对各民族人群肠道微生物进行聚类分析。结果共获得514069条高质量16S rRNA序列,每个样品平均生成序列数为(4112.55±1258.67)条;97%相似度归并共获得68232个OTU,每个样品平均OTU为(545.86±157.49)个;石棉地区汉族人群粪便标本中占优势细菌门为拟杆菌门和厚壁菌门,彝族及藏族人群粪便标本占优势细菌门为厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门,菌门水平上丰富度差异存在统计学意义(F=13.810,P<0.001;F=17.797,P<0.001);石棉地区汉族人群粪便标本优势细菌属为拟杆菌属、栖粪杆菌属,彝族及藏族人群粪便标本优势细菌属为普氏菌属、栖粪杆菌属和拟杆菌属,在拟杆菌属和栖粪杆菌属水平上丰富度差异存在统计学意义(F=39.836,P<0.001;F=141.194,P<0.001);石棉地区彝族和藏族与汉族人群肠道微生物差异度>48%。结论石棉地区藏族和彝族与汉族人群间肠道微生物优势细菌门及细菌属虽相似但在丰富度上存在差异,汉族健康人群肠道微生物菌群呈现不规律、分散聚类现象,彝族、藏族健康人群肠道微生物菌群呈现集中聚类现象,临床应根据种族差异对人群进行膳食指导以调控肠道微生态平衡。

Objective To investigate the composition and distribution of intestinal microflora of Tibetan,Yi and Han nationality in Shimian.Methods After inclusion and exclusion,125 healthy individuals who underwent physical examination in our hospital from July 2017 to July 2019 were enrolled,including 65 Hans,32 Yis and 28 Tibetans.The fasting fecal samples of the subjects were collected,and the 16 S rRNA genes were sequenced by using high-throughput sequencing,then the operational taxonomy units(OTUs)were established.The structural characteristics and dominant flora of intestinal microflora were analyzed,and the intestinal microflora of different nationalities were clustered.Results A total of 514,069 valid 16 S rRNA sequences and 68,032 OTUs were obtained,with the average number of sequences being(4112.55±1258.67)and(545.86±157.49)respectively.The most abundant phyla in the feces of Han nationality were Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes,while those in the feces of Yi and Tibetan nationalities were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes,with significant difference(F=13.810,P<0.001;F=17.797,P<0.001);The most abundant genera in the feces of Han nationality were Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium,while those in the feces of Yi and Tibetan nationalities were Prevotella,Faecalibacterium and Bacteroides.The levels of Bacteroides and Faecalibacterium of Han nationality showed significant difference with those of Yi and Tibetan nationalities(F=39.836,P<0.001;F=141.194,P<0.001);The difference in the intestinal microflora between Yi and Tibetan populations and Han populations in Shimian area was over 48%.Conclusion The most abundant phyla and genera in the feces of Tibetan,Yi and Han nationality in Shimian are similar,but with differences in abundance.Irregular and scattered clustering phenomena are found in Hans,while the centralized clustering phenomenon is found in minority nationalities;Therefore,clinical regulation of intestinal microecological balance should be based on the differences between nationalities.