思维与存在关系问题的三种样态

Three Forms of the Relationship between Thinking and Being

如果暂时抛开"哲学基本问题"这个论域来看待思维与存在的关系问题,就会发现思维与存在在不同的哲学家那里呈现为不同的样态。在康德那里,先验的思维样态照亮了作为自在之物的存在;在黑格尔那里,超验的思维样态照亮了作为绝对之物的存在;在马克思那里,实践的思维样态照亮了社会性的存在。这三者之间不是线性的超越与被超越的关系,从某种意义上来讲是相互补充的关系,马克思哲学对实践的思维样态及其所照亮的社会性存在的揭示为我们理解思维与存在关系问题提供了一个最切己的方式。

If we look at the relationship between thinking and being out of the field of“basic question of philosophy”for a while,we will find that thinking and being appear in different forms for different philosophers.For Kant,the form of transcendental thinking illuminates being as the thing-in-itself.For Hegel,the form of super-experience thinking illuminates being as the absolute thing.For Marx,the form of practical thinking illuminates the social being.In a sense,thethree complement each other instead of transcending and being surpassed linearly.The revelation of the form of thinking in the practical and social being illuminated by Marxism provides us with a most authenticway to understand the relationship of thinking and being.