土地承包经营权退出改革何去何从——来自四川省内江市市中区的经验与启示

Future Trends of Withdrawal Reform of Rural Land Contractual Management Right-Experience and Enlightenment from Shizhong District,Neijiang city,Sichuan Province

土地承包经营权退出改革是新一轮农村土地制度改革的重要内容。基于“改革试点”分析框架,将土地承包经营权退出改革嵌入到四川省内江市市中区的实践中进行纵深观察。案例研究发现,农户退地意愿是土地承包经营权退出改革行为合法性的有效来源;财政兜底式土地承包经营权退出路径面临较大经济风险;农业开发项目先期进入是影响退地后续利用的关键因素;改革试点结果显示退地过程并未引发农户彻底离村、进城。鉴于此,进一步深化土地承包经营权退出改革,应尊重异质性改革需求,渐进式推进改革;重视改革路径的可持续性,有序推进改革;构建“农户预退出+集体收储+挂牌招商”机制,实现退用结合的长效改革;注重配套改革,统筹推进改革。

The withdrawal of the right to land contractual management is an important part of the new round of rural land system re⁃form.Based on the"reform pilot"analysis framework,this paper embeds the withdrawal reform of land contractual management right into the practice of Shizhong District,Neijiang City,Sichuan Province for in-depth observation.The case study found that farmers′willingness to quit land is an effective source of legitimacy for the withdrawal of land contractual management right;the exit path of fi⁃nancial financing land contractual management right is faced with great economic risks;the early entry of agricultural development pro⁃jects is the key factor affecting the follow-up use of land withdrawal;the reform pilot results show that the process of land withdrawal does not cause farmers to leave the village and enter the city completely.In view of this,in order to further deepen the reform of the withdrawal of land contractual management right,we should respect the heterogeneous reform needs and promote the reform gradually;pay attention to the sustainability of the reform path and promote the reform in an orderly manner;build a mechanism of"farmers′pre withdrawal+collective purchase and storage+investment promotion"to realize the long-term reform of the combination of retirement and utilization;pay attention to the supporting reform and promote the reform as a whole.