谣言中的社会心态研究——基于244条谣言的扎根理论分析

Research on Social Mentality in Rumors——Grounded Theory Analysis Based on 244 Rumors Sample

本文采用扎根理论的研究方法,对2017~2018年影响力较大的244条网络谣言样本进行编码分类与内容分析,在反复的记录、统计和对比中对谣言传播背后的网民心理动力机制做出分析。研究发现,微观层面上作为个体的网民能够通过阅读、分享未经官方认证的"小道消息"来满足降低其个人风险的诉求。中观层面上新闻衍生、凭空捏造和歪曲传播三类谣言分别对应不同的群体传播动力机制。而在宏观层面上,社会转型期的整体焦虑为谣言流通提供了土壤,现代消费文化下网民高涨的故事消费需求则成为推动谣言在人际传播圈内扩散的主要动力之一。

This article uses the grounded theory methodology to encode and classify 244 online rumors with large effect from 2017 to 2018,in order to build a psychological mechanism model related to the spread of rumors through repeated recording,statistics and comparison.The study found in microcosmic view that an individual netizen could reduce his(her)personal risks by reading and sharing uncertified rumors.At the meso level,three types of rumors(derived rumors、frame rumors and distort rumors)correspond to different dynamic mechanisms of group communication.In macroscopic view,the overall anxiety during the social transition has provided the soil for rumor circulation.In addition,the soaring demand for online stories of netizens in the modern consumer culture has become one of the main driving forces for the spread of rumors in the interpersonal communication circle.