大学生考研意愿的性别差异研究

Gender Difference in College Students’Ambition of Becoming Postgraduates

教育的性别不平等得到了教育社会学的广泛关注,已有研究表明,性别不平等在不同的教育阶段存在,同时这一不平等也在逐渐改变。但是已有研究更多关注基础教育阶段,对于本科之后的高等教育阶段论述较少。本研究以大学生“考研意愿”为中心,根据“大学生发展状况调查”数据考察“后”本科的高等教育阶段的性别教育不平等。本研究的结果表明:①“后”本科的高等教育阶段性别不平等问题仍然存在;②相对于男大学生,女大学生的考研意愿受到先赋性的家庭背景因素的影响更明显。女性在“后”本科的高等教育阶段仍然处在性别弱势地位。

Gender inequality in education has been examined in many studies in sociology of education. It has been shown that gender inequality exists at different stages of education,meanwhile the gap is becoming smaller. Those studies,however,mainly focus on elementary education and less attention has been paid to higher education after undergraduate courses. This study discusses gender inequality in higher education,with "ambition of becoming postgraduates"as the dependent variable. Based on the data from "A Survey of Development of Undergraduates",this study finds:(1) gender inequality continues to exist after undergraduate courses;and( 2) compared with male college students,female students’ ambition of becoming postgraduates is more restricted by family background. Female students are still in a gender-underprivileged position in the post-undergraduate stage of higher education.