21世纪德国“卓越计划”及其对我国“双一流”大学建设的启示

Germany’s"Excellence Program"in the 21st Century and Its Enlightenment to the Construction of"Double First Class"Universities in China

21世纪伊始,德国提出了旨在提升高校科研实力的"卓越计划"。该文通过对"卓越计划"的背景、内容进行具体分析发现,该计划实施后,增强了德国的科研实力与国际竞争力,但也存在教学与科研失衡、自然与人文失衡等问题。在借鉴德国"卓越计划"经验的基础上,我国建设"双一流"大学要加大经费投入力度,实行科研管理的科学化;重视本科教育,支持学科建设。

In the 21st century,Germany proposed an"Excellence Plan"to enhance the research strength of universities.Through the analysis of the background,specific content and achievements of the"Excellence Program",it is found that after the implementation of the program,Germany’s scientific research strength and international competitiveness are enhanced,but there are also imbalances in teaching and research,nature and human.On the basis of drawing on German experience,China’s construction of"double-first-class"universities should increase investment in funds,implement scientific research management;attach importance to undergraduate education and support discipline construction.