核磁共振扩散序谱的研究及应用进展

Application Progress of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Diffusion Ordered Spectroscopy

核磁共振(NMR)是确定分子结构最常用的分析方法之一,扩散序谱(DOSY)拓展了核磁共振波谱分析复杂混合物的能力。DOSY可以通过测量混合物的自扩散系数,"虚拟分离"多组分系统中的各化学实体。而自扩散系数反映了分子的有效大小和形状,因此DOSY也能提供分子尺寸、分子量、分子间相互作用及聚集状态的具体信息。该文综述了DOSY实验的基本原理、脉冲序列发展及相关研究领域的应用进展。首先简述了脉冲场梯度、脉冲序列的发展及应用特点,然后详细介绍了DOSY在鉴别混合物组分、测量分子尺寸、分子量分布、表征分子间作用力等方面的研究进展。通过实例展示了DOSY在化学、药学、食品、生物等领域的广泛应用。

Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR) is one of the most commonly used analytical methods for determination of molecular structure,while diffusion ordered spectroscopy(DOSY) expands the ability of NMR for analysis of complex mixtures.DOSY could "virtually separate" those chemical entities presenting in a multi-component system by measuring the self-diffusion coefficient of the component,which reflect the effective size and shape of molecules.Furthermore,DOSY could also provide specific information on molecular size,molecular weight,intermolecular interaction and aggregation state.the basic principles of DOSY experiments,the development of pulse sequences and the application progress of DOSY in related research fields are summarized in this article.Firstly,the development and application characteristics of pulsed field gradient and pulse sequences are briefly described,then the research progresses of DOSY in identifying mixture components,measuring molecular size and molecular weight distribution,and characterizing intermolecular forces are introduced.The wide applications of DOSY in chemistry,pharmacy,food,biology and other fields are exhibited by citing examples.