激素和基质及缓释肥对云南松苗木生长的影响

Effects of Hormones and Substrates Involved Slow-release Fertilizer on Seedling Growth of Pinus yunnanensis

采用U*15(58)均匀设计开展不同质量浓度赤霉素(GA 3)和吲哚乙酸(IAA)的混合溶液浸种及其与基质、缓释肥的不同水平组合对云南松(Pinus yunnanensis)苗木生长影响的试验。结果表明:苗龄160 d时,处理组合的平均地径、苗高和胚轴长分别达0.99~1.36 mm、3.9~5.7 cm和2.76~3.86 cm,处理组合间地径和苗高均呈现极显著的差异(P<0.01);0.05 g/L的GA 3溶液显著地促进地径的生长(P<0.05),0.15 g/L的IAA浸种极显著地促进苗高生长(P<0.01);基质是影响苗木生长的主导因子,其次是缓释肥种类。平均地径和苗高的最优处理组合均为0.15 g/L的IAA浸种后播种于V(森林土)∶V(腐殖土)=3∶1的混合基质中,并施1.0 g/容器(2株/容器)奥绿颗粒缓释肥5号,生产中可采用此处理组合的方式进行壮苗培育。苗高、地径、胚轴长两两间呈极显著的正相关(P<0.01),且此3指标与试验因素间呈线性相关,即苗木出现协同生长,采用以上最佳的苗木培育措施可解决云南松的蹲苗问题。

The U * 15 (5 8) uniform design was employed to carry out the trial of effects of different GA 3 and IAA concentration mixed solutions presoaking the seeds, substrates involved slow-release fertilizers (SRFs) on the seedling growth of Pinus yunnanensis . Mean basal diameters (BDs), seedling heights (SHs) and hypocotyl lengths (HLs) of treatment combinations (TCs) were 0.99-1.36 mm, 3.9-5.7 cm and 2.76-3.86 cm for 160-d seedlings, respectively, with significant differences of the BDs and SHs between the TCs ( P <0.01). The 0.05 g/L GA 3 and 0.15 g/L IAA significantly promoted the growth of the BD ( P <0.05) and SH ( P <0.01), respectively. The substrate was the dominant factor affecting seedling growth, followed by the SRF. The optimal TC of mean BD and SH was the 0.15 g/L IAA solution presoaking the seeds sow in the mixed substrate of 3 portion of forest soil and 1 portion of humus soil, and applied 1.0 g/container (2 seedling/container) of the 5 # Aolügranule SRF, which could be applied to cultivate sound seedlings in the practice. There was a significant positive correlation between the SH and BD with hypocotyl length ( P <0.01), and there was a linear correlation between the three parameters with the experimental factors, that was, the seedlings appeared synergetic growth. The best seedling raising measures could solve the problem of “grass stage” of P. yunnanensis .