公路边坡干湿客土喷播生态恢复效果评价

Evaluation of Ecological Restoration Effect of Dry and Wet External-Soil Spray Seeding on Highway Slope

为评价公路边坡干湿客土喷播生态恢复效果,以京沪高速公路莱芜至临沂(鲁苏界)段改扩建工程路堑岩石边坡生态恢复工程为例,在归纳边坡客土喷播干湿工法的基础上,通过现场采样测试分析,对干湿客土喷播两种工法的生态恢复效果进行评价,提出了边坡客土喷播生态恢复评价方法。结果表明,与客土干喷工法相比,湿喷工法具有作业快、生产效率高、初期出苗快、种类多、植被覆盖度好等特点,但初期灌草比例中草本植物出苗偏多,对后期草本向灌木植物演替产生一定的影响。尽管干湿两种客土喷播工法均能实现边坡生态恢复,但两种工法的差异性导致边坡生态恢复的效果有所不同,对于具体的公路边坡生态恢复工程而言,需进行现场试验研究确定适宜的干湿客土喷播工法及相应植生材料配比,以达到最佳的边坡生态恢复效果。

In order to evaluate the ecological restoration effect of dry and wet spraying soil on highway slopes, the ecological restoration project of the rock cutting slope in reconstruction and extension project of Laiwu-Linyi section(Shandong-Jiangsu boundary) of Beijing-Shanghai expressway in Shandong province was completed. A method of ecological restoration evaluation on spraying soil on highway slope was proposed on the basis of common dry and wet spraying method, and the ecological restoration effects of the dry and wet spraying were evaluated by field sampling and analysis. The results show that the wet spraying method works quickly, with faster emergence, more types and better vegetation coverage comparing with the dry spraying method, but more herbs emerged in the initial proportion of shrub/grass, which effects the succession of herbs to shrubs in later period. Although the two methods can complete the external-soil spray seeding, the results indicate that the production efficiency and ecological restoration effect of the dry and wet external-soil spray seeding are significantly different. With a view to the best slope ecological restoration effect, two spraying methods should be distinguished in specific ecological restoration projects and selected according to the actual situation on field test.