制度与行动:新冠肺炎疫情应对的困境与突破

Institution and Action:Predicament and Breakthrough of COVID-19 Response

新冠肺炎疫情的防控绩效,既受我国现行制度的约束,更涉及各类主体行动的能力。从已有的分析来看,目前主要有制度决定、行动主导以及制度与行动共同影响三种观点。在此次疫情防控过程中(主要以武汉市为例),既有初期官僚制约束下当地官员的低效应对,也有经过政治动员后所形成的强大行动能力,以及制度与行动在相互调适中逐步达致新的平衡。此次疫情防控的实践证明,一支担当作为的领导干部队伍,是突破制度与行动关系困境、实现应急管理乃至国家治理能力提升的关键所在。

The prevention and control of COVID-19 is not only constrained by China's current institutions,but also involves various actors' ability to act.Judging from the existing analysis,there are currently three viewpoints,i.e.,institutional decision,action orientation,and co-influence of institution and action.During the COVID-19 prevention and control process(mainly taking Wuhan as an example),there was the low-effect response of local officials under the constraints of the bureaucracy system,the strong capacity of action formed after political mobilization,and the new balance achieved through mutual adaptation between institutionand action.The COVID-19 prevention and control has proved that a leading force is the key to breaking through the predicament of the relationship between constitution and action,and improving emergency management and even national governance capabilities.