城市人口管理组织化:基于集体户口的认识

Systematization of Urban Population Management:An Perspective of the Collective Hukou Registration

人口管理组织化将多元、异质的个体塑造成相对刚性、权利分层的社会身份差序格局。本文探讨集体户口在人口管理组织化中的意义建构及对户籍制度改革的反思。分析显示,集体户口的发展历程是一个集个体存在和权利安排于一体的组织化过程。单位制年代,集体户口依业缘对人口进行组织和管理,合成以单位为中心的\个人紧密依存单位的社会单元;单位制解体后,集体户口以整合无房人口为导向,实现不同类型社会自由人的组织重构。在开放、流动、多元的社会形态下,集体户口能否更好地保障和拓展落户人口的合法民生权益,在实现人口管理组织化的同时促进社会善治,将是户籍制度改革的重要议题。

The systematization of urban population organization and management transform the original pluralistic,heterogeneous individuals into a relatively rigid,hierarchical structure of differential social identities and rights.This paper discusses the meaning construction of the collective hukou registration in the organization and management of population and its implications on the reform of the hukou registration system.Our analysis shows that the development of the collective hukou registration is a process of systematization integrating individuals’existence and social rights into a certain social organization.In the years of danwei(work unit)collective hukou registered managed the population on the basis of occupation and working unit,forming social units centered on danwei,in which individuals and danwei were closely interdependent.In the post-danwei period,collective hukou registration aims to register the people without own residential property in the city in order to re-organize the people outside of the existing system.Reforming the hukou system so that the collective hukou system can better protect and promote its member’s urban citizenship while continuing to organize people into the management system is an important topic in an open,mobile and diverse society.