南京市社区老年肌少症流行病学调查及其影响因素分析

Epidemiological survey and influencing factors of sarcopenia in the elderly in a community of Nanjing

目的调查南京市华侨路社区老年肌少症流行病学情况,并分析肌少症患病的危险因素。方法对南京市华侨路社区≥60岁老年人进行4 m步速、成套简短肌肉功能测定(SPPB)及双能X线吸收仪(DEXA)检测,并进行成人体力活动问卷调查,对检测结果及问卷调查结果进行统计分析。结果南京市华侨路社区老年人肌少症患病率为10.8%,其中男、女性患病率分别为9.5%、11.7%;二分类多因素Logistic回归分析发现,年龄、手术史、每4周(28 d)内平均每天有氧运动时间超过15 min的天数及BMI与老年肌少症患病密切相关;其中每4周有氧运动总时间、BMI、体质量与肌少症患病率呈线性相关(P<0.05)。结论校正基础疾病及营养状况等因素后,南京市华侨路社区老年人肌少症患病受年龄、手术史、每4周内平均每天有氧运动时间超过15 min的天数、BMI等因素影响,这些指标可作为肌少症筛查的参考指标;每4周有氧运动总时间和BMI可作为减少老年人肌少症发病的干预目标。

Objective To investigate the epidemiology of sarcopenia in the elderly of community in Nanjing,and to analyze the risk factors of sarcopenia.Methods Four meters pace,short physical performance battery(SPPB)function measurement and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry(DEXA)were performed in the elderly aged over 60 years in Huaqiao Road Community of Nanjing.The test data was statistically analyzed.Results The prevalence of sarcopenia in the elderly in Huaqiao Road community of Nanjing was 10.8%,and the prevalence in the male and female was 9.5%and 11.7%,respectively.Binary multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age,operative history,and the number of days of average aerobic exercise for more than 15 minutes every 4 weeks and body mass index(BMI)were closely related to the prevalence of sarcopenia in the elderly.There was a significant linear correlation between total aerobic exercise time every 4 weeks(28 days),BMI,body weight and the morbidity of sarcopenia(P<0.05).Conclusions After adjusting for the basic diseases and nutritional status,the prevalence of sarcopenia in the elderly in Nanjing Huaqiao Road Community is related with age,postoperative,average aerobic exercise time for more than 15 minutes per 4 weeks,BMI,which can be used as screening index and intervention targets to reduce the incidence of sarcopenia in the elderly.