牛顿环实验数据处理——应用误差估算和不确定度评定两种评价体系

Physical Experiment Technology and Data Processing——Using Two Evaluation Systems of Error Estimation and Uncertainty Evaluation

应用逐差法处理实验数据,可以充分利用测量数据,减小误差,提高实验数据的精确性。因此,逐差法在物理实验中被广泛采用。本文以牛顿环实验为例,在逐差法的基础上,利用误差处理和不确定度估算两种评定方法进行数据分析和处理,比较和探讨了两种评价体系对实验结果的影响,从而帮助实验工作者在数据处理中更好地理解和应用这两种评价方法。

Using the method of successive difference to process the experimental data can make full use of the measured data,reduce the error and improve the accuracy of the experimental data.Therefore,the successive difference method is widely used in physical experiments.Taking Newton’s ring experiment as an example,on the basis of successive difference method,it uses two evaluation methods,simple error processing and uncertainty estimation,to carry out data analysis and processing.After comparing and discussing the effects of the two evaluation systems on the experimental results,we can help the experimenters deepen the understanding and application of the two evaluation methods in dealing with experimental data.