中医药对胃癌前病变相关信号通路传导的干预研究进展

Research progress in the intervention effects of traditional Chinese medicine on the conduction of signaling pathways related to precancerous lesions of gastric carcinoma

胃癌前病变(precancerous lesion of gastric cancer,PLGC)是正常胃黏膜发展成胃癌过程中的重要阶段,临床运用中药汤剂、中成药、中医外治等手段治疗PLGC效果显著。但PLGC发病机制复杂,其分子机制尚未完全阐明。研究证实,多种信号通路的异常传导与PLGC发生、发展密切相关。信号通路可将受到刺激后的细胞外信号分子传递至细胞内,进而发挥各种生物学效应。信号传导通路的异常激活或抑制,导致胃黏膜受损,影响炎症和肿瘤微环境,是胃癌前病变发生、发展的主要机制之一。大量实验表明,中医药治疗可通过干预信号通路的传导发挥重要作用。现按其作用机制分类,对中医药调控PLGC的8条信号通路进行综述,包括:Hedgehog信号通路、Hippo信号通路、TGF-β/Smads信号通路、MAPK信号通路、PI3K/AKT/m TOR通路、JAK/STAT3通路、Wnt/β-catenin信号通路和NF-κB信号通路,为中医药在治疗PLGC的实验研究提供参考。

Precancerous lesions of gastric carcinoma(PLGC)is an important stage in the development of normal gastric mucosa into gastric cancer.These treatment means of Chinese decoction,Chinese patent medicine,external treatment of TCM and others are used to treat PLGC in clinical application and have a significant effect.However,the pathogenesis of PLGC is complex and its molecular mechanism has not been fully elucidated.Studies have confirmed that abnormal conduction of multiple signaling pathways is closely related to the occurrence and development of PLGC.These signaling pathways can transmit stimulated extranuclear signaling molecules into cells,thus exerting various biological effects.The abnormal activation or inhibition of signal transduction pathways leads to the damage of gastric mucosa and affects the inflammation and tumor micro-environment,which is one of the main mechanisms for the occurrence and development of precancerous lesions in gastric carcinoma.A large number of experiments have shown that TCM therapy can play an important role by intervening the conduction of signaling pathways.In this paper,8 signaling pathways of PLGC regulated by TCM are reviewed according to their mechanism of action,including Hedgehog signaling pathway,Hippo signaling pathway,TGF-β/Smads signaling pathway,MAPK signaling pathway,PI3 K/AKT/m TOR pathway,JAK/STAT3 pathway,Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway,and NF-κB signaling pathway,so as to provide references for experimental studies of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of PLGC.