‘雷司令’与‘小芒森’成熟过程中果实理化特性与酚类物质积累间的关联分析

Correlation Analysis between Berry Physical-chemical Properties and Polyphenols Accumulation during Ripenings of‘Riesling’and‘Petit Manseng’

为探讨葡萄果实理化特性与酚类物质积累之间的关系,为产区酿酒葡萄品种的选择及开展品种选育相关研究提供理论基础。以‘雷司令’和‘小芒森’为试材,于2018和2019年果实豌豆大小时(花后30 d)开始采样,直至完全成熟,对生长过程中各阶段的还原糖、可滴定酸、可溶性固形物和pH;浆果横纵径、浆果百粒质量、果皮百粒质量及其占果粒的百分比、果皮总酚及总单宁含量;成熟时果实单体酚组分和含量进行测定。结果表明:浆果横纵径、浆果质量、果皮质量和果皮百分比、还原糖、可溶性固形物含量和pH随着果实生长逐渐增大,而可滴定酸、总酚和总单宁含量呈降低趋势;‘雷司令’浆果的横纵径、浆果百粒质量在生长过程中显著高于‘小芒森’,而其他指标均与此相反;黄酮醇是2个品种中含量最高的单体酚类物质,且两者中出现不同比例的糖基化(‘雷司令’:63.77%;‘小芒森’:97.81%);相关性分析表明浆果鲜质量与果实酚类物质含量负相关,而果皮质量及其百分比、糖和酸含量与其正相关。因此,‘小芒森’果实较小的果粒,高的果皮百分比和果实糖含量有利于其酚类物质积累。

In order to explore the relationship between the berry physical-chemical properties and the polyphenols accumulation in grapes for white wine,so as to provide a theoretical guidance for the selection of varieties in wine producing areas and the program of wine grapes breeding.In this study,‘Riesling’(RI)and‘Petit Manseng’(PM)were selected as experimental materials.Samples were collected from the“pea size”stage until the commercial harvest in 2018 and 2019.The content of reducing sugar,total solube solids,total acid and pH were monitored throughout the development process.The transverse and longitudinal diameters of the berry,the 100-berry mass,the 100-berry skins mass and the percentage of skins to berries,the total phenol and tannin content of skins and the content,composition of monomer phenol at harvest were measured during ripening of the grape.The results indicated that the transverse and longitudinal diameters,berry mass,skin mass,the percentage of skins to berries,the reducing sugar,total solube solids content and pH increased.By contrast,the total acid,total phenol and tannin decreased during ripening.The transverse and longitudinal diameters as well as the 100-berry mass in RI berries were significantly higher than those in PM berry,whereas the others were the highest in PM berries.Flavonol was the richest monomer phenol and exhibited the different glycosylation percentage in the two varieties(RI:63.77%;PM:97.81%).The correlation analysis showed that the phenol was negatively correlated with berry fresh mass,but it was positively correlated with the skin mass,the percentage of skin to berry and reducing sugar content.Therefore,this study suggests that‘Petit Manseng’with small berries,high skin percentage and sugar content is beneficial to the phenol accumulation.