人鱼的历史与传记——从女性主义视角看《海的女儿》

The History and Biography of Mermaid:On The Little Mermaid from the Perspective of Feminism

在受到民间故事影响的《海的女儿》文本中,小人鱼身上附与过去人鱼故事中共通的形象特征与命运,其中隐藏着被书写的历史妖化、指控和施舍的女性命运。在社会地位和话语权力上与“女性”有着相似诉求,以自传写作作为一种表达策略的安徒生,对以往的人鱼形象与人鱼命运进行了改写,在其改写下,小人鱼冲破了被妖化、指控的女妖人鱼形象。《海的女儿》这一文本既是安徒生的另一形式自传,同时也传述了作为人鱼从指控为女妖到冲破女妖形象的历史。

In the text of The Little Mermaid that influenced by folk tales,the role of little mermaid is attached by the same characteristics and destiny model as the past image of mermaid.These common characteristics all mean that women are demonized,accused and covered by history.In terms of social status and discourse power,Hans Christian Andersen who has similar“female”demands used autobiographical writing as an expression strategy.He rewrote the previous image and the destiny model of mermaid.By his writing,The little mermaid breaks the past image that is obscured by history.The text of The Little Mermaid can not only be regarded as the author s personal autobiography,but also recounts the history of mermaid from constructing the image of banshee to the breaking of this image.