基于声发射的滚动轴承损伤定位方法研究

Fault localization for rolling bearing based on AE

低速重载轴承故障特征频率低,受转速波动影响大,难以使用频谱分析进行故障源定位。将基于到达时间差的声发射定位方法应用于轴承故障定中,找出损伤的确切位置。针对轴承的环形结构,建立了不依赖于声发射传播速度的定位计算模型。同时提出了基于小波包分解的最优时差计算方法来提高定位精度。推力轴承座圈上的断铅实验和模拟损伤定位实验均表明该方法具有很高的定位精度。该定位方法不依赖于转速和频率分析,对变速大型轴承的故障定位具有应用潜力。

Fault feature frequencies of low speed and heavy loaded rolling bearings are lower, and easy to be affected by rotating speed fluctuation. It is difficult to locate fault sources of these bearings using spectral analysis. Here, a fault localization method for rolling bearing based on the arrival time difference(ATD) of acoustic emission(AE) was proposed. Aiming at bearing’s annular structure, the fault localization computation model not to rely on AE propagation speed was built. At the same time, the optimal ATD computation method was proposed based on the wavelet package decomposition to improve the computation accuracy. The pencil-lead breaking tests on bearing race and simulated damage locating ones showed that the proposed method has higher fault localization accuracy;it does not depend on rotating speed and frequency analysis;it is very potential for fault location of large scale bearings with variable rotating speed.