遗传学定律教学中概率与频率的辨析问题

Discrimination of Terms of Probability and Frequency in the Teaching of Genetics Law

遗传学中的三大定律和哈代—温伯格定律是中学生物课的重点和难点内容,它们都是建立在数理统计基础上的推论。分离定律和自由组合定律是应用概率事件进行推论,连锁和交换定律以及哈代-温伯格定律是用频率现象进行推论。教学中要注意辨析这些术语的差异。

The Mendel′s laws of genetics,the laws of linkage and crossing over of genes and Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium are the key and difficult contents of biology course in middle school.They are all inferences based on mathematical statistics.The law of segregation of alleles and the law independent combination of gene are inferences based on probability events.The law of linkage and crossing over of genes,Hardy–Weinberg Equilibrium are inferences based on frequency phenomena.In teaching,we should pay attention to distinguishing the differences of terms between probability and frequency.