堰塞坝溃坝研究综述

Summary of Research on Landslide Dam Break

堰塞坝溃坝是一种遍及世界的地质灾害事件,堰塞坝溃坝研究的目的是减少堰塞坝对下游人民生命财产安全、交通道路和生态环境的威胁。目前对堰塞坝溃坝研究的焦点主要集中在溃坝模式、溃坝模型、溃坝过程、溃坝机理和溃坝洪水等5个方面。回顾和总结中外有关堰塞坝溃坝问题的发展历程和已取得的研究成果,对堰塞坝溃坝模式、溃坝模型、溃坝过程、溃坝机理和溃坝洪水5个方面的研究现状进行了简要的概述,并提出了堰塞坝溃坝问题需要进一步研究的重点方向:将目前的溃坝模型分类,每一类别的模型要确定它所适用的堰塞坝类型,并对模型进行修正,以得到更加精确、可靠的溃坝模型;建立一种能够快速得到堰塞坝外部几何形态和内部物质组成结构的方法,为溃坝模型提供合理的参数;开展大尺度或原型堰塞坝溃决试验;构建一种可以精确预测堰塞坝溃坝问题的预警系统。

Dam break of landslide dam is a worldwide geological disaster and shall be studied to reduce the threat and damage of landslide dam to human lives and household property,traffic roads and ecological environment in downstream areas.At present,the research on dam break of landslide dam focused on five aspects:failure mode,dam-break model,dam break process,dam break mechanism,and dam break flood.The development history and research achievements of dam-break problems of landslide dam at home and abroad were reviewed,the research status of dam-break modes,dam-break models,dam-break processes,dam-break mechanisms and dam-break floods were summarized,and four key directions for future research on dam-break problems of dams were suggested.The current dam-break models shall be classified,and each type of the model shall be specified and modified to its applicable cases to reach more accurate and reliable modeling.A method should be established to quickly obtain the external geometry and internal material structure of landslide dam to provide reasonable parameters for modeling.Experiments on large-scale or prototype dam failure shall be carried out.The early warning system for accurately predicting dam break of landslide dam shall be constructed.