居住区景观空间类型与蚊虫数量相关性及设计对策分析

Analysis on the Correlation Between Landscape Zone Type and Mosquito Population in Residential Area and Design Countermeasures

通过景观设计的方法减少蚊虫对游人的干扰是一种生态防控蚊虫的途径,但目前相关研究还很少。以佛山居住区为例,选择常见的10种典型住区景观空间,运用人工小时法捕捉成蚊,对不同景观空间的蚊虫数量进行实测与比较分析,并运用SPSS软件分析风速、温度和湿度与蚊虫数量的相关性。结果发现蚊虫数量最高的3种景观空间类型分别为:"架空层通风欠佳处""乔灌草结合的植物丛边"和"植物围合的亭廊花架下",而蚊虫数量较低的3种景观空间类型分别为"游泳池边""硬质铺装广场"和"乔木覆盖的铺装场地"。"风速"与"蚊虫数量占比"在置信度(双侧)为0.01时显著负相关。最终总结出利于防控蚊虫的景观设计方法,以期对今后的居住区景观设计实践提供借鉴。

Reducing the interference of mosquito on visitors through landscape design is an ecological approach to mosquito control,but there is little research in this field.In this paper,the labor hour method was used to capture adult mosquitoes in ten common types of landscape zones in the residential area of Foshan city,and the landscape zone types were compared in terms of mosquito population.Furthermore,the correlation between mosquito population and such factors as wind speed,temperature and humidity was analyzed using the SPSS software.The results show that the three types of landscape zone with the highest mosquito population were overhead layer with poor ventilation,edges of dense plants consisting of trees,bushes and grasses and landscape architectures surrounded by dense vegetation;the three types of landscape zone with lower mosquito population were swimming pool side,square with hard pavement and pavement sites covered by trees.The results of correlation analysis show significant negative correlation between the wind speed and mosquito population at the confidence level(bilateral of 0.01).Finally,landscape design methods that were advantageous to mosquito control were summarized in order to provide a reference for the practices of residential landscape design in the future.