不同品种茭白贮藏期间的品质及外观商品性变化比较

Comparison of the changes in quality and appearance commodity of different varieties of Zizania latifolia during storage

为筛选出耐贮藏茭白品种和最佳贮藏时间,以6个品种带壳新鲜茭白为试验材料,在(1±1)℃温度下进行贮藏,分析随着贮藏时间的变化,茭白还原糖含量、维生素C含量、粗蛋白含量、粗纤维含量、含水量、表皮色泽等品质及外观商品性变化规律。结果表明,6个供试品种的还原糖含量在整个贮藏期间持续下降且后期下降幅度比前期大;维生素C含量在贮藏1~15 d期间,下降幅度为8.05%~32.06%,贮藏60 d时供试品种的维生素C含量在32.4~34.2 mg·kg^-1之间;粗蛋白含量在贮藏后期下降幅度比前期大,其中浙茭3号、浙茭6号、浙茭7号和六安茭降幅在40.0%左右;贮藏期间各品种的粗纤维含量均呈上升趋势,其中浙茭3号在贮藏60 d时纤维素含量比入贮时增加了127.58%;含水量在贮藏期间保持缓慢下降趋势。综上,贮藏30 d,各供试品种均能保持较好的商品性,但品质均有不同程度的下降;贮藏45 d,浙茭6号、浙茭3号和六安茭还能保持较好的外观商品性,但品质下降较明显;贮藏60 d,只有六安茭还能保持较好的外观商品性,但品质变差。

In order to screen out the best storage time and varieties of Zizania latifolia,we stored six varieties of fresh Zizania latifolia with shells at(1±1)℃to analyze the quality and external commodity of Zizania latifolia with the change of storage time.The results showed that:the reducing sugar contents in the six tested varieties decreased continuously during the whole storage period,and which in the later period decreased more than in the earlier period;the contents of vitamin C in the tested varieties decreased by 8.05%-32.06%during the storage period of 1-15 days,and which were between 32.4-34.2 mg·kg^-1 after 60 days of storage;the contents of crude protein in the tested varieties decreased more in the later period of storage than that in the earlier period,and which in Zhejiao No.3,Zhejiao No.6,Zhejiao No.7 and Lu’anjiao all decreased by about 40.0%.The crude fiber contents in all of the tested varieties increased during storage,and the cellulose content in Zhejiao No.3 increased by 127.58%after 60 days of storage,while the water content decreased slowly during storage.Therefore,after 30 days of storage,all tested varieties could maintain good commodity,but their quality decreased in varying degrees;after 45 days of storage,Zhejiao No.6,Zhejiao No.3 and Lu’anjiao could maintain good appearance commodity,but their quality declined obviously;after 60 days of storage,only Lu’anjiao could maintain good appearance commodity,but its quality had deteriorated.