注意缺陷多动障碍患儿认知功能特点临床分析

Clinical analysis of cognitive function characteristics in chil-dren with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

目的探讨注意缺陷多动障碍患儿的认知功能特点.方法选取50例注意缺陷多动障碍设为研究组,50名健康儿童设为对照组.采用中国-韦氏儿童智力测验、威斯康星卡片分类测验、Stroop测验、连线测验分别对两组进行评估.结果 研究组言语智商、操作智商和总智商均在正常范围,但均显著低于正常组(P<0.01),研究组言语智商-操作智商差值显著大于对照组(P<0.01).研究组威斯康星卡片分类测验完成分类数显著少于对照组(P<0.01),持续性错误数及非持续性错误数均显著多于对照组(P<0.01),概念化水平百分数显著低于对照组(P<0.05).两组连线测验的A反应时比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),研究组B反应时显著长于对照组(P<0.01).研究组Stroop测验单色B、双字C、双色D反应时均显著长于对照组(P<0.01),单字A、双字C、双色D错误数显著多于对照组(P<0.01).研究组颜色干扰时、字义干扰时显著长于正常组(P<0.01).结论注意缺陷多动障碍患儿存在认知功能障碍,临床上应给予认知行为干预,改善其认知功能.

Objective To explore the characteristics of cognitive function in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.Methods 50 cases of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were selected as the research group,and 50 healthy children as the control group.C-WISC,WCST,Stroop test and TMT were used to evaluate the two groups.Results The VIQ,PIQ and FIQ of the study group were in the normal range,but were significantly lower than the normal group(P<0.01).The VIQ-PIQ of the study group was significantly larger than that of the control group(P<0.01).The completed categories number of WCST in the research group was significantly less than that in the control group(P<0.01).The num­ber of persistent errors and non-persistent errors were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01),and the percentage of conceptual level was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<C0.05).There was no significant difference in the A response time between the two groups of TMT(P>0.05),and the B response time in the study group was significantly longer than that in the control group(P<0.01).In Stroop test,the response time of part B,part C and part D was significantly longer than the control group(P<0.01).The number of single-word A,double-word C,and double-color D er­rors was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).The color interference and word meaning interference of the study group were sig-nificantly longer than that of the normal group(P<0.01).Conclusions Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have cognitive dys­function,and clinical behavioral intervention should be given to improve their cognitive function.