中药网络药理学的应用与思考

Application and Thanking of Chinese Medicine Network Pharmacology

中药具有多成分、多靶点和作用途径复杂等特点,中药及其复方在整体观和辨证论治思想的指导下,对疾病的治疗有着极大的优势,其发挥药效的物质基础和分子作用机制尚不明确,因此中药研究存在着极大的挑战。网络药理学成为了中药走向现代化新的研究方法和技术手段,其是在系统生物学理论的指导下,衍生出的以药物多成分,多靶点为切入点研究中药治疗疾病作用机制的研究学科。符合中医药系统性和整体性的思维模式。目前,关于网络药理学在中医药应用方面的研究已有很多,包括中药单药,药对和复方药效物质基础和作用机制的研究、运用网络药理学进行中药研究的方法和应用分类、网络药理学与其它技术结合的应用等。但由于数据更新较快,新数据库的出现、算法的类别以及工具的使用较多使得网络药理学发展速度太快,人们忽略了对数据库、工具及算法的更新及各数据库间的优势进行比较,本文对网络药理学近3年的数据库,工具及算法进行了总结比较、并通过中药药效物质基础、中药药理机制、新药的研发、中药质量控制、中药复方的组方规律等方面阐述了网络药理学在中药领域的应用情况及存在的问题,以期为网络药理学在中药方面的研究应用提供参考。

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)has the characteristics of multiple ingredients,multiple targets,and complex action pathways.Under the guidance of the holistic view and syndrome differentiation treatment,TCM and its compound have great advantages in the treatment of diseases,and its material basis and molecular mechanism of action is not clear,so there are great challenges in the research of TCM.Network pharmacology has become a new research method and technical means for the modernization of TCM.It is a research discipline derived from the study of the mechanism of TCM treatment of diseases with multi-component drugs and multiple targets under the guidance of system biology theory.It conforms to the systematic and holistic thinking mode of Chinese medicine.At present,there have been many researches on the application of Internet pharmacology in Chinese medicine,including the research on the basis and mechanism of the Chinese medicine single drug,drug pair and compound pharmacodynamics,the methods and applications of Internet pharmacology for Chinese medicine research application of combining pharmacology with other technologies.However,the rapid data update,the emergence of new databases,the types of algorithms and the use of tools have made the development of network pharmacology too fast.People have neglected to update the databases,tools and algorithms and compare the advantages of each database.This article summarizes and compares the database,tools and algorithms of the network pharmacology in the past three years,and describes the network through the substance basis of TCM,the pharmacological mechanism of TCM,the development of new drugs,the quality control of TCM,and the formulating rules of TCM.The application and problems of pharmacology in the field of TCM are expected to provide a reference for the research and application of network pharmacology in TCM.