严守戒尺的“界”与“度”:澳大利亚新南威尔士州教育惩戒政策探索

Complying with the Principle of the Ferule-"Boundaries"and"Degrees":An Exploration of the School Discipline Policies in New South Wales,Australia

澳大利亚新南威尔士州自20世纪90年代开始,针对学校惩戒旧体制的弊端,率先积极推进教育惩戒权入法,并由此开启了教育惩戒政策的一系列探索。该政策的构建遵照法律要求,依托官方纪律框架,遵循"程序公正、底线公平"原则,主体权限明确,流程规范,在实施中运用了"防范、干预、治理"的三级策略,形成了"制度先行、多元共商、动态干预、分类惩戒"等特色,全程严格把控戒尺的行使界限与职能效度。这些政策措施对深化认识我国教育惩戒权本质,促进把戒尺归还教师,发挥戒尺的积极作用有重要借鉴价值。

Since the 1990s,the state of New South Wales,Australia,has taken lead in promoting the introduction of the rights of the school discipline into the law in view of the drawbacks of the old system of corporal punishment,and thus initiated a series of explorations of the school discipline policies. The construction of the policy in accordance with the law requires,relying on the official discipline framework.It follows the principle of procedural justice and the bottom line of fairness,the main body authority is clear and the process is full of specification.There are three levels of stategy used in the implementation of the school discipline policy:prevention,incentives and dispose. It forms the system of "first standards,classification of retribution,multivariate discuss and dynamic intervention" and other characteristics features.The entire process of using the ferule strictly perform the function limit and validity. These policies and measures have important reference value for deepening the understanding of the nature of China’s school discipline power,promoting the return of the ferule to teachers,and giving play to the positive role of the ferule.