犯罪学视野中的农村社区矫正问题与出路——基于农村社区王镇的实证研究

Problems and Solutions of Community Correction in Rural Areas from Criminological Perspective: A Case Study of Wangzhen Town

与城市社区矫正相比,农村社区矫正相对更加形势严峻,急需引起高度重视。对王镇的社区矫正实践调查表明,在农村社区,规则意识缺乏和从众心理导致矫正对象认罪悔罪难,尤以群体性犯罪和故意伤害罪最难;传统乡土社会的风俗礼仪、价值观和荣辱观因受市场经济冲击出现波动,但乡土感情和乡里相亲的关系纽带还一定程度存在,这种局面对矫正对象再社会化既有正向促进又有负面阻碍;农村社区年轻人受享乐主义和城市消费观影响,物质要求提高,但受教育程度低、谋生能力有限,实施侵财犯罪较多,此类欲望型犯罪人矫正难度大;与具有监禁矫正和审前羁押经历的矫正对象相比,未被羁押过的缓刑对象接受矫正态度相对消极。农村社区矫正的执行应针对上述突出问题,积极探索有针对性的矫正措施,从而提升矫正质量和特殊预防效果。

More attention should be paid to community correction in rural areas because of its more seriousness than that in urban areas. A case study was conducted in Wangzhen Town,a rural community in China. The results suggest that community correction in rural community in China is facing problems in four aspects. First,unawareness of rules and herd mentality lead to probationers’ resistance to plead guilty and show repentance,especially those who committed gang crimes and intentional crimes. Second,traditional customs,values and concepts of honor and disgrace are changing but emotional bonds between the locals are still established,which have both positive and negative influences on resocialization of offenders. Third,the probationers with less education and limited ability to make a living are difficult to be corrected because they under the influences of money worship and hedonism commit property crimes. Fourth,non-detained probationers show their relatively negative attitudes toward community correction compared with those who received correction in prison or before trial. In this setting,positive measures should be taken to improve community correction.