某款全铝车身前端碰撞吸能结构分析及优化设计

Analysis and Optimization Design of Energy Absorption Structure in Front of a Full Aluminum Body

在某款全铝车身的前端吸能结构碰撞试验中,出现吸能盒压缩不充分、前纵梁后端折弯、纵梁整体上翘、纵梁根部焊缝撕裂等纵梁失稳情况。通过对原有车身数据进行结构优化、CAE仿真分析,并进行碰撞试验对标后,设计出一种新型前端碰撞吸能结构,可以最大限度防止纵梁失稳、保证焊接均匀,以实现导向性轴向压缩的渐进式压溃型吸能方式,从而极大提高吸能效率、增加前端吸能结构吸收碰撞能量值、保证乘员安全性。

In the crash test of the front structure of an all aluminum car body,the energy absorption box is not fully compressed,the rear end of the front longitudinal beam is bent,the overall longitudinal beam is warped,and the root weld of the longitudinal beam is torn.Through the structural optimization and CAE simulation analysis of the original body data,and after the collision test benchmarking,a new front-end collision energy absorption structure was designed,which could prevent the longitudinal beam from losing stability to the maximum extent and ensure the uniform welding,so as to realize the gradual compression energy absorption mode of guiding axial compression,thus greatly improving the energy absorption efficiency,increasing the energy absorption value of the front-end structure to ensure the safety of passengers.