“互联网+”农产品质量安全追溯发展研究

Development of Quality and Safety Traceability of Agricultural Products Based on Internet Plus

保障农产品质量安全是全面建成小康社会的基本要求,事关农业农村经济发展和人民群众健康安全。在“互联网+”发展背景下,农产品质量安全标准体系和溯源体系加速推进,农产品质量安全风险整体上得到有效控制;但是依然存在政府监管责权不明,地域分割现象严重,溯源标准统一性较差,追溯信息缺乏宽度、深度和精度,追溯系统业务化运行能力弱,追溯生态可持续性不足等问题。本文系统回顾了我国农产品质量安全监管体系、法律法规、标准体系建设以及溯源技术/系统研发取得的进展,分析了当前面临的主要问题;基于2025年、2035年战略目标,提出了针对性的发展路径和建议。研究表明,未来“互联网+”农产品质量安全发展应重点推进溯源标准化、完善质量安全追溯体系、强化风险评估和监测预警、拓宽实践领域和服务对象、加大溯源技术研发力度、落实好专业人才培养,保障2035年建成正循环、可持续追溯生态与农产品质量安全国家治理体系的远景目标。

Ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural products is one of the basic requirements of building a moderately prosperous society and it is related to the development of agriculture and the countryside as well as people’s health and safety.The Internet Plus initiative has accelerated the building of quality and safety standards and traceability systems for agricultural products.Overall,the quality and safety risks of agricultural products have been effectively controlled.However,there remain many problems,such as ambiguity of power and duties of government oversight,severe segmentation of different regions,poor uniformity in traceability standards,lack of width,depth,and accuracy of traceability information,weak commercial operation capacity,and insufficient sustainability of traceability systems.This study reviews the progress in agricultural product quality and safety with respect to supervision system,laws and regulations,standards system construction,and traceability technology/system development in China,then analyzes the main problems,and finally proposes potential solutions to achieve the development objectives for 2025 and 2035.We propose promoting the standardization of information traceability,improving the national traceability system,deepening risk monitoring and warning,widening the practical fields and service products,focusing on research of traceability technology,and paying attention to professional training.By this means,we hope that China can realize the long-term goals of building a sustainable traceability system with positive cycle and modernizing the national management system of agricultural product quality and safety in 2035.