高温高压换热设备自紧密封结构设计与试验研究

Design and Experimental Study of Self-tightening Seal Structure of High Temperature and High Pressure Heat Exchanger

根据高温高压换热设备的环境工况及要求,设计一种自紧式密封结构,克服常用流体静密封形式所存在的不足。该密封结构在常温时可保证合理的间隙,热态工作时利用不同材料具有不同热膨胀系数的特点,通过热膨胀实现自紧,从而达到良好的密封效果。从理论上分析密封结构的材料选择、公差和间隙值选取,通过有限元软件进行膨胀分析、应力分析和疲劳分析,验证了密封结构设计的合理性。对设计的自紧式密封结构进行密封性能试验,试验结果表明:密封结构通过热膨胀可以实现自紧,密封性能满足使用要求。

According to the environmental conditions and requirements of high temperature and high pressure heat exchanger,a self-tightening seal structure was designed to overcome the deficiency of common hydrostatic seal forms.The sealing structure can ensure a reasonable gap at room temperature,when working in hot state,the sealing structure can realize the self-tightening by thermal expansion according to the characteristic that different materials have different coefficient of thermal expansion,so as to achieve good sealing effect.The selection of sealing material,the tolerance and clearance of the seal structure were analyzed theoretically.The rationality of seal structure was verified through the thermal expansion analysis,stress analysis and fatigue analysis by finite element software.The sealing performance test was carried out for the self-tightening seal structure.Test results show that sealing structure can achieve self-tightening by thermal expansion,and the sealing performance can meet the requirements of usage.