法治视阈下地方环境问题的类型化治理

Type Governance of Local Environmental Problems from the Perspective of Rule of Law

环境治理是国家治理体系的重要组成部分,地方层面出现的环境问题是对地方政治、经济、社会现实的深刻投影,极具复杂性,有必要从学理上探析地方环境问题具有的类型化特征。根据环境问题治理是否超越本级政府权能和环境问题是否跨行政区域两项指标,地方环境问题可以划分为国家—社会型、纵向府际型、横向府际型和地方本土型四类。当前,地方环境问题治理面临一系列现实困境,需立足于法治方式与法治思维,结合地方环境问题的类型化特征在进行差异化策略设计的同时系统施策、综合治理。

Environmental governance is an important part of the national governance system.The environmental problems at the local level are the deep projection of political,economic and social reality,which are extremely complex.Therefore,it is necessary to analyze the topological characteristics of local environmental problems from the theoretical level.According to the two indicators of whether the governance of environmental problems exceeds the power of local governments and whether environmental problems cross administrative regions,local environmental problems can be divided into four types:national social type,vertical intergovernmental type,horizontal intergovernmental type,and pure local type.At present,the governance of local environmental problems is faced with a series of practical difficulties.The tackle of them requires us to design differentiated strategies and implement systematic and comprehensive governance based on law-based ways and thinking and combined with different characteristics of local environmental problems.