不同椰枣种质资源果实糖酸组分和营养元素含量分析

Analysis of Sugar,Acid Components and Nutrient Elements in Different Date Palm Germplasm

【目的】分析生长于巴基斯坦和海南不同椰枣品种和资源果实品质性状,以期了解生长于巴基斯坦和海南椰枣果实品质的差异性,为今后引种试种提供参考。【方法】以收集于巴基斯坦4个不同椰枣品种和收集于海南2份不同椰枣种质资源的成熟期的椰枣鲜果为试验材料,考察其果实的单果鲜重、果长、果宽、含水量、果实中的糖酸组分含量、必须营养元素含量,比较椰枣果实品质性状的差异性。【结果】4个巴基斯坦椰枣品种果实的单果鲜重显著大于2份海南椰枣果实的单果鲜重,其中2个巴基斯坦椰枣品种果实的果长和果宽均显著大于海南椰枣果实的果长和果宽。生长于巴基斯坦的H椰枣果实中糖组分中的木糖、果糖、山梨糖、葡萄糖、甘露糖、蔗糖含量和酸组分中的烟酸、丝氨酸和苹果酸含量均相对较高。2份海南椰枣果实中的镁含量显著大于4个巴基斯坦椰枣品种,不同椰枣果实中的其他营养元素含量虽具有差异性,但是钾含量均最高。巴基斯坦的D、A品种和海南的R、Y亲缘关系较近,而与H、M品种关系较远。【结论】巴基斯坦椰枣品种和海南的椰枣种质资源果在果实性状、糖酸组分、营养元素均具有明显的差异性,通过本研究了解了生长于巴基斯坦和海南椰枣果实品质差异性,为今后有目的引种试种提供了参考依据。

【Objective】This paper aimed to provide reference for future introduction and trial planting by analyzing the fruit quality characters of different date palm cultivars and germplasms in Pakistan and Hainan to understand the difference of date palm fruit quality.【Method】The 4 date palm cultivars(D,H,M,A)collected from Pakistan and 2 germplasms(R,Y)collected from Hainan were used to study the difference on fruit characters.The fruit characters,sugar and acid content,essential nutrient elements were measured.【Result】The fresh weight of single fruit of date palm from Pakistan was significantly higher than that of Hainan.The fruit length and diameter of 2 Pakistan date palm were significantly longer than that of Hainan.The content of xylose,fructose,sorbose,fructose,mannose,sucrose of sugar and the niacin,serine,malic acid of the date palm fruits collected from Pakistan were relatively high.The Mg contents in the 2 Hainan date palms were significantly higher than that in the 4 Pakistan date palms.Although the contents of different nutrients in different date palms were different,but the K contents of 4 cultivars and 2 germplasms were almost the highest.The germplasm D and A growing in Pakistan were closely related to R and Y in Hainan,but far from H and M.【Conclusion】It was concluded that the fruit characters,sugar and acid content of the date palms were different between Pakistan cultivars and Hainan germplasms.Through this study,the difference of fruit quality between the date palms grown in Pakistan and Hainan was understood,which provided a reference basis for the purpose of introduction and trial planting in the future.